Experimental study on seismic behavior of prestressed small - sized concrete hollow block masonry walls with window opening 预应力混凝土小型空心砌块带窗洞砌体抗震性能试验
Use of traditional solid clay brick have been already gradually prohibited , many new wall materials of block masonry have been put into used 传统的粘土实心砖已经逐渐被禁止使用，继而推出了许多新型墙体材料。
According to the simulating results and adopted regression analysis method , stress ? strain curve and shear bearing capacity calculate formula of block masonry are gotten 根据仿真数据回归得到了砌体应力-应变曲线,以及受剪承载力计算公式。
For the shear strength of the concrete hollow block masonry is low , it is a question for in - depth discussion that how to improve masonry ' s crack - resistance and seismic behavior by effective technical measure 由于砌块砌体的抗剪强度较低，如何采取有效的技术措施来提高砌体结构的抗裂、抗震性能是一个需要深入研究的课题。
In addition , 4 pieces of prestressed small - sized concrete hollow block masonry models and 1 piece of normal concrete hollow block masonry model are tested under frequency low - cyclic static load . some seismic behaviors such as strain - stress curve and ductility of the prestressed masonry were analyzed 进行了4片预应力砌块砌体墙和1片对比用普通墙的低周反复荷载试验，分析了预应力砌体的滞回曲线、延性等抗震性能。
22 compressive specimens of high - strength small - sized and 9 shear specimens of behavior hollow - block concrete - masonry are tested , and some formulas tested are not fit for the calculation for high strength concrete - block masonry compared with the code 摘要空心砌块砌体已逐渐代替粘土砖，为研究高强砌块砌体的力学性能，对22个高强混凝土空心砌块砌体试件的受压性能、 9个试件的抗剪性能进行了试验研究，并与《砌体结构设计规范》中的相关公式进行了比较。
We designed five walls for simulate both sides of the top floor . proceeded to add unilateral horizontal static loading experiment to 4 pieces of prestressed small - sized concrete hollow block masonry models and 1 piece of normal concrete hollow block masonry model . crack - resistance behaviors were analyzed , and we have proceeded prestressing loss survey for 25 days , and discussed the reasons of prestressing loss 模拟房屋顶层两端单元设计试验模型，进行了4片预应力砌块砌体墙和1片对比普通墙体水平单调静力加载试验，并且进行了25天的预应力损失观测，探讨了预应力损失和加载过程中预应力筋应力的变化等问题，分析了预应力砌体的抗裂性能。
Based on domestic and international researches , this paper have experimental researched on crack - resistance and seismic behaviors of prestressed small - sized concrete hollow block masonry , and below is the concrete contents of research : adopt a finite element analysis soft , and proceed nonlinear finite element analysis to different type and different structure measure of walls . the result expresses that the walls which have window , have stress concentration at the window cape , and easily appear the cracks , the same type walls " carrying capacity of crack - resistance are greatly improved after being prestressed , and compare the different type walls , a problem is discovered that window or hole is consumedly lowered the carrying capacity of crack - resistance and stiffness of wall 具体研究内容如下：采用有限元分析软件对不同类型、不同构造措施的墙体进行了非线性有限元分析，结果表明：开窗洞墙体在窗角处存在应力集中，容易开裂；同种类型墙体在施加低预应力度后，其抗裂承载力有较大的提高；不同类型的墙体比较发现，窗洞对墙体抗裂性能、刚度有很强的消弱作用，与试验结果相符。
Basing on compressive mechanism and main factors that impact compressive strength , the compressive strength formulas of block masonry are establish , using stress and strain method respectively ; basing on mechanism of shear and main factors that impact shear strength , the shearing strength formulas of block masonry are set up , introducing hoffman rule and the twin shear strength theory method respectively 依据受压工作机理和影响砌块砌体抗压强度的主要因素,分别用应力法和应变法建立了砌块砌体抗压强度公式;依据受剪工作机理和影响砌块砌体抗剪强度的主要因素,用hoffman准则和双剪强度理论分别提出了砌块砌体抗剪强度公式。
Some conclusions are revealed from these results : the bearing press capacity of concave concrete block wall is a little smaller compare to normal block wall , but the shear bearing capacity , the crack load and ultimate load are distinct lager than the later , and the amount of cracks are more than normal block masonry 分析结果表明,凹形砌块墙体受压承载力比普通砌块墙体的受压承载力略低,而受剪承载力明显高于普通砌块墙体。凹形砌块砌体与普通砌体相比,凹形砌块墙体的开裂荷载、极限荷载明显要高,砌体内的裂缝数量要多。
